To become a cartographer, you need a degree in some relevant subjects like geography, surveying and mapping science, earth sciences, urban and land studies, etc. These courses have cartography or mapping as part of the course. Civil engineering, oceanography, surveying, etc can also be helpful while looking for a job as a cartographer. After joining, you will also receive training to meet the specific requirements you have. Sometimes there will be structured training programs that last for more than six months. Sometimes you are also required to take training programs in photogrammetry, geographical information systems, digital mapping, remote sensing, etc.